Informacija apie kilmės šalis

Šiuose interneto puslapiuose ir kituose leidiniuose galite rasti informaciją apie kilmės šalis:

1. Informacijos paieškos metodai:

• ACCORD Directory of Internet Resources, 4 March 2002
  
• Ballard Spahr Andrews & Ingersoll, LLP: The Virtual Chase: Evaluating the Quality of Information on the Internet: Checklist, 17 March 2003
  
• Elisa Mason: Update to Annex: Human Rights, Country and Legal Information Resources on the Internet, 1 April 2002
  
• Elisa Mason: Update to Guide to Country Research for Refugee Status Determination: D. Evaluating Sources, 18 March 2002
  

2. Nuorodos į informaciją apie kilmės šalis:

• Asylumlaw.org
  
  Welcome to asylumlaw.org, a free website run by an international consortium of agencies that help asylum seekers in Australia, Canada, the United States, and several countries in Europe. Over 95% of the content on this site is open to the public, including asylum seekers from any country and the lawyers or advocates who represent them.
• Canadian Immigration and Refugee Board - Country of Origin Information Research
  
  A comprehensive list of documents published by the Research Directorate since 1989. Users may download the full-text of selected documents or view documents using links to REFQUEST and Extended Responses to Information Request. Documents published since 1997 are currently available for download.
• Center for Gender and Refugee Studies
  
  CGRS provides legal expertise and resources to attorneys representing women asylum-seekers fleeing gender related harm, at both the practice and policy levels, and seeks to track decisions in these cases. CGRS also works to coordinate legal and public policy advocacy efforts through domestic and international networking, and engages in public education efforts in order to educate decision makers and the public and contribute to the formulation of national and international policy and practice.
• Danish Immigration Service - Udlændingestyrelsens hjemmeside
  
  There you can find detailed information about the possibilities for foreign nationals to reside in Denmark. The Danish Immigration Service examines applications from foreigners who wish to enter or reside in Denmark, e.g. applications for asylum or family reunification, for residence permit in order to study or work and for visas for short visits to Denmark. The Danish Immigration Service is also responsible for the accommodation of asylum seekers and for the allocation of refugees between municipalities in Denmark. However, other Danish authorities have important responsibilities within this area of public administration.
• Ecoi.net - European Country of Origin Information Network
  
  ecoi.net - a joint initiative of ACCORD (Austria), GEA2000 (Slovenia), Informationsverbund Asyl (Germany) in cooperation with ECRE and UNHCR
• The Immigration Consortium Country Information Database: ICCID
  
  To help in the preparation of asylum and human rights cases, HJT Research, in association with the EIN (Electronic Immigration Network) and Eurasylum Ltd, started the ICCID - the Immigration Consortium Country Information Database - a specially designed research tool for practitioners. ICCID is a constantly updated library of country orientated human rights and news materials all conveniently located on a single, Microsoft Windows format CD (with updates available via the Internet). ICCID presently covers over 70 countries. ICCID currently contains over 9,400 individual reports (on the current April 2003 issue).
• UK Home Office - Country Assessments
  
  The Country Information & Policy Unit (CIPU) of the Home Office Asylum and Appeals Policy Directorate is responsible for providing caseworkers and others involved in processing asylum applications with accurate, balanced and up-to-date information about conditions in asylum seekers' countries of origin. Country Reports are produced on the 35 countries that generate the largest number of asylum applications in the UK. The Reports are summaries of material from a wide range of recognised sources, for which they serve as an index or signpost. In addition to producing Country Reports and bulletins, Country Information and Policy Unit also undertakes ad hoc fact-finding missions to countries from which asylum seekers originate.
• UNHCR - Country of origin and Legal information
  
  These databases, containing Country of Origin Information (COI) and Legal Information, have been compiled by UNHCR and consist of carefully selected reports and documents. The information in them is focused on the needs of UNHCR staff (protection officers, field officers, legal officers), non-governmental organizations, government asylum officers involved in the status determination process, judges, lawyers and academics.

2.2. Ataskaitos apie žmogaus teises:

• Amnesty International – Annual Reports Index
  
  Each year Amnesty International publishes a report on its work and its concerns throughout the world.
• Amnesty International - Publications Index
  
  The Amnesty International library contains an archive of most reports, news releases and urgent actions published from 1996 to date. Documents are available in English, French and Spanish.
• British Helsinki Human Rights Group (BHHRG)
  
  The British Helsinki Human Rights Group monitors human rights and democracy in the 57 OSCE member states from the United States to Central Asia. Its purpose is educational - to provide original research information to a broad range of people interested in human rights issues in the OSCE area. As a matter of principle the Group only publishes reports from first-hand observers, so all of its reports are unique. The Group's main activities are:
  • Monitoring the conduct of elections in OSCE member states.
  • Examining issues relating to press freedom and freedom of speech
  • Reporting on conditions in prisons and psychiatric institutions
  • Covering asylum and immigration issues
  
• Council of Europe Portal
  
  The Council was set up to defend human rights, parliamentary democracy and the rule of law, to develop continent-wide agreements to standardise member countries' social and legal practices, and to promote awareness of a European identity based on shared values and cutting across different cultures. Since 1989, its main job has become the acting as a political anchor and human rights watchdog for Europe's post-communist democracies, the assisting the countries of central and eastern Europe in carrying out and consolidating political, legal and constitutional reform in parallel with economic reform, and the providing know-how in areas such as human rights, local democracy, education, culture and the environment.
• Council of Europe - Parliamentary Assembly (PACE)
  
  The Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, which held its first session on 10 August 1949, can be considered the oldest international parliamentary Assembly with a pluralistic composition of democratically elected members of parliament established on the basis of an intergovernmental treaty. The Assembly is one of the two statutory organs of the Council of Europe, which is composed of a Committee of Ministers (the Ministers of Foreign Affairs, meeting usually at the level of their deputies) and an Assembly representing the political forces in its member states.
• Council of Europe - Committee for the Prevention of Torture (CPT)
  
  In recent years the Council of Europe's efforts to guarantee human rights have laid increasing emphasis on preventing violations. Article 3 of the European Convention on Human Rights provides that "No one shall be subjected to torture or to inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment". This article inspired the drafting, in 1987, of the European Convention for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment. The Convention provides non-judicial preventive machinery to protect detainees. It is based on a system of visits by the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CPT). The Secretariat of the CPT forms part of the Council of Europe's Directorate General of Human Rights.
• The Coalition to Stop the Use of Child Soldiers
  
  The Coalition working to prevent the recruitment and use of children as soldiers, to secure their demobilisation and to ensure their rehabilitation and reintegration into society. Founded in 1998, the Coalition to Stop the Use of Child Soldiers (CSC) unites national, regional and international organisations and networks in Africa, Asia, Europe, Latin America and the Middle East. Its founding organisations are Amnesty International, Defence for Children International, Human Rights Watch, International Federation Terre des Hommes, International Save the Children Alliance, Jesuit Refugee Service, the Quaker United Nations Office-Geneva and World Vision International.
• Fédération Internationale des Ligues des Droits de l'Homme (FIDH)
  
  The purpose of the FIDH, the International Federation for Human Rights Leagues, is to advance the implementation of all the rights defined by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the other international instruments protecting human rights. The FIDH brings together 115 human rights organisations from 90 countries. It provides them with an unparalleled network of expertise and solidarity, as well as a clear guide to the procedures of international organisations. It is a non-governmental organisation (NGO) of international solidarity, officially recognised by the state. It is non-political, non-sectarian, and non- profit making.
• Freedom House
  
  Freedom House, a non-profit, non-partisan organization, is a clear voice for democracy and freedom around the world. Through a vast array of international programs and publications, Freedom House is working to advance the remarkable worldwide expansion of political and economic freedom.
• Human Rights Watch - Documents by Country
  
  
• Human Rights Watch – World Report 2003
  
  
  Human Rights Watch is the largest human rights organization based in the United States. Human Rights Watch researchers conduct fact-finding investigations into human rights abuses in all regions of the world. Human Rights Watch then publishes those findings in dozens of books and reports every year, generating extensive coverage in local and international media.
• International Commission of Jurists
  
  The International Commission of Jurists is dedicated to the primacy, coherence and implementation of international law and principles that advance human rights. The ICJ provides legal expertise at both the international and national levels to ensure that developments in international law adhere to human rights principles and that international standards are implemented at the national level. The Commission was founded in Berlin in 1952 and its membership is composed of sixty eminent jurists who are representatives of the different legal systems of the world. Based in Geneva, the International Secretariat is responsible for the realisation of the aims and objectives of the Commission.
• International Helsinki Federation (IHF)
  
  The International Helsinki Federation for Human Rights is a self-governing group of non-governmental, not-for-profit organizations that act to protect human rights throughout Europe, North America and Central Asia. A primary specific goal is to monitor compliance with the human rights provisions of the Helsinki Final Act and its Follow-up Documents. In addition to gathering and analyzing information on human rights conditions in OSCE participating States, the IHF acts as a clearing house for this information, disseminating it to governments, inter-governmental organizations, the press and the public at large. The IHF is even-handed in its criticism of human rights violations with respect to the political systems of states in which these abuses occur.
• Lawyers Committee for Human Rights (LCHR)
  
  Since 1978, the Lawyers Committee for Human Rights has worked in the U.S. and abroad to create a secure and humane world by advancing justice, human dignity and respect for the rule of law. We support human rights activists who fight for basic freedoms and peaceful change at the local level; protect refugees in flight from persecution and repression; promote fair economic practices by creating safeguards for workers' rights; and help build a strong international system of justice and accountability for the worst human rights crimes.
• Norwegian Refugee Council - Global IDP Project
  
  Objectives of the Global International Displacement Project (IDP) are to promote the use of the Guiding Principles on internal displacement, to make information available on IDP issues and country-specific situations, and to support the capacity of the international community to better respond to situations of internal displacement.
• OMCT - World Organisation Against Torture
  
  OMCT is today the largest international coalition of NGOs fighting against torture,summary executions, forced disappearances and all other forms of cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment in order to preserve Human Rights. It has at its disposal a network, SOS Torture, consisting of some 240 non-governmental organisations, which act as sources of information. Its urgent interventions reach daily more than 90,000 governmental and intergovernmental institutions, non-governmental associations, pressure and interest groups.
• Physicians for Human Rights
  
  Physicians for Human Rights (PHR) promotes health by protecting human rights. We believe that human rights are essential preconditions for the health and well-being of all people. Using medical and scientific methods, we investigate and expose violations of human rights worldwide and we work to stop them. We support institutions that hold perpetrators of human rights abuses, including health professionals, accountable for their actions. We educate health professionals and medical, public health and nursing students and organize them to become active in supporting a movement for human rights and creating a culture of human rights in the medical and scientific professions.
• USCR - US Committee for Refugees Country Reports
  
  USCR's work has shown that if individuals understand the rights and needs of refugees, they will take action to help, and that if policy makers are pressured by their constituents, the media, and other governments, they will be more inclined to act humanely. By understanding the plight of refugees, you can aid USCR in its efforts to bring about early intervention and prevent the escalation of refugee crises.
• US Citizenship and Immigration Services - Resource Information Center (RIC)
  
  The Resource Information Center is often referred to as the "RIC". The RIC provides access to all RIC work products, including our formal responses to queries by Asylum Officers, arranged by region with countries in each region arranged alphabetically. In addition to any papers or query responses from the RIC, the Country Information Page contains links to country and human rights information from other key sources.
• US State Department - Human Rights Reports
  
  US State Department - Religious Freedom Reports
  
  The Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labour (DRL) strives to learn the truth and state the facts in all of its human rights investigations, reports on country conditions, speeches and votes in the UN, and asylum profiles. Each year, DRL develops, edits, and submits to Congress a 5,000-page report on human rights conditions in 194 countries that is respected globally for its objectivity and accuracy.

2.3. JTO šaltiniai:

• UN Human Rights Reports - Archive by Country
  
• UN Human Rights Reports - Special Rapporteur Country Mandates
  
• UN Human Rights Reports - Special Rapporteur Thematic Mandates
  
  The mandates given to special procedure mechanisms vary, they are usually are to examine, monitor, advise, and publicly report on human rights situations in specific countries or territories, known as country mandates, or on major phenomena of human rights violations worldwide, known as thematic mandates. Various activities can be undertaken by special procedures, including conducting studies, providing advice on technical cooperation, responding to individual complaints, and engaging in general promotional activities. In carrying out their mandates, special rapporteurs and other mandate-holders undertake country missions (sometimes referred to as fact-finding missions) and report back to the Commission on Human Rights. These missions take place at the request of the relevant special procedure or at the invitation of the country concerned. Many countries have extended standing invitations to all thematic special procedures of the Commission.
• Human Rights Internet (HRI) - For the Record: Human Rights in the U.N. System
  
  Since HRI was founded over 25 years ago we have been committed to maintaining an extensive series of databases on topics pertinent to effective human rights networking. Our databases include thousands of records on funding sources, publications, jobs, events and organizations, to name but a few. Human Rights Databank contains the world’s most comprehensive listing of human rights material derived from independent, grassroots NGOs around the globe. All 12 of our former “stand alone” databases are now merged with the existing e-pages on our Website including For the Record: The United Nations Human Rights System, the Human Rights Tribune, and the E-Doc Centre.
• UN Secretary General Reports
  
  Secretary-General's Reports about situations in countries, conflicts, and important events to the Security Council
• UN Documentation Centre
  
  It includes links to the Documents of the General Assembly (Session Documents, Verbatim Records, Resolutions, Landmark Documents, Press Releases), the Security Council (Resolutions, Press Releases, Meeting Records, Mission Reports, Presidential Statements, etc.), the Economic and Social Council, the Secretariat.

2.4. Prieglobsčio bylos